Employee Development

Fixing Isn’t Always the Quick Fix: Keep Your Solutions to Yourself

March 26, 2025 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

When team members come to you with problems, resist the urge to jump straight into “fix-it” mode. It’s a common reflex, but it can actually backfire.

Quick fixes give the impression that they should rely on you rather than work through the issues themselves. This not only stifles their growth but also means you’ll be fielding more of these help requests.

Instead, take a step back and ask guiding questions. Encourage them to think through their own solutions. You might say, “That’s a great question. What ideas do you have?” Listen closely. A little nudge is often all it takes for them to land on the solution you’d suggest anyway, but this way, they’re more invested.

If their ideas miss the mark, ask, “What else could you try?” Use your experience to broaden their thinking and gently guide them toward a solution.

Idea for Impact: Guide team members to think through their own solutions by asking questions, rather than offering quick fixes, to foster growth and independence.

Bringing out the Best in People through Positive Reinforcement

February 5, 2024 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

Aubrey C. Daniels’s Bringing out the Best in People: How to Apply the Astonishing Power of Positive Reinforcement (2016) stands out as one of the most practical and comprehensive handbooks I’ve encountered on effective management techniques by a behavioral psychologist.

Central to Daniels’s approach is a management system rooted in positive reinforcement, which he argues leads to significant and measurable outcomes in both the short and long term. He contrasts this with traditional methods of punishment and criticism, which he finds to be ineffective and counterproductive. Instead, he advocates for praise and rewards to drive lasting behavioral change and enhance productivity. Drawing on principles from behavioral psychology, the book provides actionable strategies for implementing positive reinforcement effectively, fostering an environment of appreciation and support, and unlocking individuals’ full potential. Now in its third edition, it also offers insights into organizational change and establishing fair performance standards tailored to each person.

Here are some key takeaways from the book:

Incentives Drive Behavior. People don’t do what you tell them; they do what gets them a reward. “Managers must understand why people behave as they do with the same depth that scientists understand gravity” and align desired behavior with organizational objectives. Don’t “find fault or place blame, but analyze why people are behaving as they are, and modify the incentives to promote the behavior you need.”
Value What They Value. Positive reinforcement proves to be the most effective method for motivating individuals. It extends beyond mere monetary rewards or verbal praise; it encompasses anything of value to an employee. For instance, allowing an employee to dedicate some time to working on a favorite feature can serve as a form of reinforcement.
Consistency Shapes Behavior. Positive reinforcement has to be an everyday affair. It is most effective when it occurs immediately, is specific, and happens frequently. (Studies indicate that children with ADD and learning disabilities can maintain focus for extended periods while playing video games that offer 85 positive reinforcements per minute.)
Pure Praise, No Prompts. Positive reinforcement loses its effectiveness when followed by criticism (such as in “but, you need to improve X, Y, Z”) or suggestions for improvement because it dilutes the impact of the praise and can create confusion or mixed signals for the individual receiving feedback. “Do not use the occasion for praise as an opportunity to prompt or instruct.” The popular sandwich feedback technique has many pitfalls.
Regular Talks = Better Performance. Plan, give feedback, and adapt weekly. Hold weekly planning and feedback sessions. Relying solely on monthly reinforcement offers only 12 chances per year to influence someone’s performance. The annual review and bonus process doesn’t give employees the chance to make adjustments when it’s most crucial.
Reward High Performers; Redirect Others. Managers should prioritize recognizing and reinforcing the efforts of high-performing employees rather than solely focusing on addressing issues with underperformers. When dealing with employees who are not performing well, allocate a limited amount of time to address factors such as lack of necessary skills or abilities, inherent personality traits, or deep-seated behavioral patterns. However, if despite considerable effort there is only marginal improvement, it’s best to minimize losses by suggesting that their strengths may be better utilized in a different role. Assist them in finding a position that suits them better.
Continuously Refreshed Goals = Fresh Motivation. After reaching a goal, individuals may lose motivation due to complacency, like students after an “A” grade. To combat this, set new goals, offer feedback, recognition, and incentives, and foster a culture of continuous improvement to sustain motivation and drive progress.
Coercion Kills Motivation. An authoritarian or coercive “do it or else” demand typically only prompts individuals to perform at the minimum level required because it instills fear or compliance rather than genuine motivation. When faced with threats or coercion, people often focus on avoiding punishment rather than striving for excellence. This approach stifles creativity, initiative, and intrinsic motivation, resulting in minimal effort and limited engagement.
Clear Targets, Unstoppable Momentum. To motivate employees, establish a transparent method for measuring achievement. This encourages self-motivation. For instance, a software programmer’s performance could be measured by the number of bugs fixed, with extra recognition for addressing severe issues, or by the volume of documentation produced.

Recommendation: Quickread Aubrey C. Daniels’s Bringing out the Best in People. The book thoroughly reinforces principles and highlights the transformative impact of recognizing and reinforcing desired behaviors, benefiting both individuals and organizations. Enhance your team management by implementing systems and structures that effectively reinforce individuals in alignment with organizational goals.

Fostering Growth & Development: Embrace Coachable Moments

November 21, 2023 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

To make coaching a dynamic part of your workplace culture, encourage managers to seamlessly weave coaching and feedback into their daily interactions with employees. This not only saves time by preventing avoidable issues but also propels employee growth.

Coaching opportunities often spring up when there are unexpected twists or triumphant moments. Managers should invest time observing team members in action, whether they’re in the field or on the phone, engaging with customers and prospects. This observation uncovers hidden insights and provides an impartial view. It’s a tricky task for individuals to self-diagnose while deeply immersed in their tasks.

In addition to these impromptu coaching moments, managers can schedule coaching sessions to create a safe space for individuals to explore their thoughts and challenges. This fosters self-awareness, precise self-evaluation, and enhanced problem-solving skills.

To identify coachable moments with staff, managers should consider questions like, “Is this situation urgent?,” “Could it offer valuable learning?,” “Is the individual receptive to this conversation right now?,” and “Am I available for this discussion?”

Moreover, celebrating achievements, no matter their size, provides an exciting opportunity for coaching to strengthen the behaviors that led to success.

Where Empowerment Fails

September 28, 2023 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

Empowerment—giving employees greater autonomy—boosts engagement and creativity. It builds job satisfaction and improves retention. However, the success of empowerment initiatives depends on the personality traits of the managers implementing them down in the trenches.

Middle managers who value behaviors like team orientation, collaboration, and respectful interactions are more likely to enable their teams to set their own goals and entrust them to complete tasks in their way. But many managers in hierarchical structures embrace a certain command-and-control reflex that gets triggered in positions of power. Empowerment means transferring power to someone else, something they loathe. The alpha dimension to the personalities of these managers ends up micromanaging and impeding the autonomy of those in their team.

Idea for Impact: Relinquishing control over others and trusting employees not to abuse that responsibility isn’t easy for most managers; it takes someone very self-confident and secure to discharge empowerment.

Why Hiring Self-Leaders is the Best Strategy

September 19, 2023 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

The best leaders understand the power of self-leadership. When you have a team of self-leaders, you can step back and let them do what they do best—lead themselves.

To build a team of self-leaders, look for naturally curious, driven, and goal-oriented individuals. Seek out people who can work independently and collaborate with others when needed. These folks only need a little hand-holding, are self-motivated, and take the initiative without being told what to do.

Idea for Impact: With a team of self-leaders, you can focus on the bigger picture and trust that the day-to-day tasks are handled with care. So, consider hiring a team of self-leaders to take your organization to new heights. They’ll get things done efficiently and effectively while freeing you up to focus on what matters most.

Emotional Intelligence Is Overrated: The Problem With Measuring Concepts Such as Emotion and Intelligence

August 10, 2023 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

In the contemporary landscape, relying solely on cognitive intelligence tests to evaluate the managerial potential of MBA students is increasingly considered inadequate. It has become fashionable for successful managers to need emotional intelligence to thrive in their roles.

Within human resources, there is a growing trend to define an individual’s ability to understand emotional expressions as a form of “intelligence,” measuring it through an emotional quotient (EQ) and considering it a personality trait. However, it is worth noting that people often find it refreshing to shed the façade they present in public and freely express their genuine thoughts, emotions, and actions in informal “off-the-record” situations rather than conforming to formalities during official meetings.

While some proponents argue that EQ encompasses all dimensions of managerial success that IQ fails to measure, this widely accepted viewpoint lacks credible scientific evidence. Unlike IQ, a clearly defined measure of cognitive abilities, there is no agreed-upon definition of emotional intelligence, and various EQ tests produce vastly different results. Moreover, societal biases and cultural upbringing can significantly influence EQ scores. Indeed, the claim that EQ is twice as vital as IQ is an entirely baseless and unproven assertion.

Emotional intelligence is an intricate and dynamic concept encompassing a broad spectrum of emotional competencies, social skills, and self-awareness. Attempting to simplify it into a single score may not adequately capture its subtleties and complexities.

From the Inside Out: How Empowering Your Employees Builds Customer Loyalty

August 7, 2023 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

At a time when apathy and distrust are so endemic in many organizations, some companies have nurtured employee loyalty to create customer loyalty flourish. The following case studies will substantiate the cultivation of a positive work environment that prioritizes employee recognition and support invariably results in exceptional customer service.

The Nordstrom Way: Enabling Employees to Have the Freedom and Vision to Become Self-Directing

Nordstrom’s founders created a culture that prioritized a “worshipful relationship” with its luxury department store customers and empowered employees to do everything they could to please them. The Nordstrom Handbook emphasizes outstanding customer service and encourages employees to set high personal and professional goals, expressing confidence in their abilities. The company’s Rule 1 reads: “Use good judgment in all situations. There will be no additional rules. Please feel free to ask your department manager, store manager, or division manager any question at any time.” Nordstrom’s success is a testament to empowering employees and supporting policies prioritizing exceptional customer service.

Flying the Fun Skies at Southwest Airlines: Giving Employees the Freedom to Deliver a Great Brand Experience

Southwest Airlines achieved great success early on due to its committed and motivated workforce. Founder Herb Kelleher recognized the importance of prioritizing employee satisfaction to create a culture of caring for one another and providing excellent customer service. Kelleher famously said, “The business of business is people—yesterday, today, and forever. If the employees aren’t satisfied, they won’t provide the product we need.”

To create a positive work environment, Southwest Airlines encouraged fun among its employees, setting it apart from other airlines that were considered dull and unappealing. Celebrating employees and their families is deeply ingrained in Southwest Airlines’ culture, and it is evident in the prominent display of pictures capturing these special moments throughout their office spaces. This people-centric culture helped the company attract and retain talented workers passionate about their jobs and provide top-notch customer service, which made flying with the airline a fun experience. Despite the potential cost savings, Kelleher remained committed to celebrating employees with parties, banquets, gifts, birthday cards, and outings, citing the value of having the fewest customer complaints in the industry.

Beyond the Call of Duty: Ladies and Gentlemen Serving Ladies and Gentlemen at Ritz-Carlton

The Ritz Carlton is renowned for its exceptional customer service, with the empowerment of employees being a critical factor in their approach. The company’s philosophy of “Ladies and Gentlemen Taking Care of Ladies and Gentlemen” highlights the importance of treating customers and employees with respect and dignity. Regardless of their rank and title, employees can spend up to $2,000 per day per guest without seeking supervisor approval to solve problems and deliver personalized and unforgettable guest experiences. This approach may seem costly, but it empowers employees to use their judgment to create memorable and personal experiences for guests. One of my friends enjoyed staying at a Ritz-Carlton hotel a few months ago, where he ordered a burger and a milkshake. Unfortunately, the hotel did not offer milkshakes, so he settled for a glass of water. However, to his amazement, the waitress surprised him with a milkshake to accompany his burger. She went the extra mile without being prompted by scouring the kitchen for milk, ice cream, and cold milk to create the shake.

Idea for Impact: Empowering Employees is a Strategic Approach That Yields Significant Benefits

Empowering employees goes beyond providing the necessary tools and training; it fosters a culture of trust, autonomy, and ownership.

How you treat your employees directly impacts how they treat your customers. When you prioritize making your staff feel appreciated and supported, they are more likely to provide exceptional customer service. A positive work environment can foster innovation and creativity within your organization while attracting and retaining top talent.

What Every Manager Should Know Why Generation Y Quits

January 12, 2023 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

Millennials, or the Generation Y or Gen Y cohort, are much better educated. They’re tech-savvy, more achievement-oriented, and better problem-solvers than preceding generations.

Millennials also tend to be restless with their career progression, demanding salary and job flexibility. They’re quick to move on if something better beckons. Millennials aren’t interested in the financial success that inspired the Boomers or the independence that characterizes the Gen Xers, but in personalized career paths.

Employers often gripe that millennials seem entitled and overly ambitious. And even if they’re high-maintenance, they’re hungry and willing to do what it takes to prove themselves.

To prevent Gen Y retention problems, create an environment where they have room to make an impact and give them the autonomy, support, and training to get there.

Idea for Impact: Millennials become disengaged quickly in the workplace—they’re impatient with things that do not lead to learning or advancement. They never stop questioning the status quo; they don’t want to be told they must do their time and wait in line. Give them a way to move up promptly, with fun and challenges along the way.

Goal-Setting for Managers: Set Tough but Achievable Challenges

December 15, 2022 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

Finding the middle ground between setting the bar too low and too high can challenge managers.

Sure, aggressive goals can spark great accomplishments, but they also can induce employees to bend or break the rules in pursuit of those goals, as the Wells Fargo and Volkswagen scandals illustrate.

When employees get comfortable with their usual tasks, it’s time to push them outside their comfort zones. New responsibilities can propel employees to take on new challenges and learn new things.

However, before giving employees new tasks, take away some of the older responsibilities they’ve already mastered. Many people feel they have an unrealistic amount of work to do already. If you aren’t prudent enough to keep your employees’ workloads in check, giving “stretch” assignments can lead to burnout, not growth.

Idea for Impact: Goals that are too high or low can be demotivating. Set goals that are challenging and inspiring but with extra effort, realistically attainable.

Nuts! The Story of Southwest Airlines’ Maverick Culture // Book Summary

May 30, 2022 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

Kevin & Jackie Freiberg’s Nuts! Southwest Airlines’ Crazy Recipe for Business and Personal Success (1996) is a popular tome about the history and culture of Southwest Airlines and the fun-loving antics of its colorful co-founder and CEO Herb Kelleher (see my tribute.)

Despite its Pollyannaish tone and repetitive narratives, Nuts| is a very enjoyable cheerleaders’ account of how an underdog overcame roadblocks and thrived in a competitive industry.

Nuts| focuses on the people-oriented culture that Herb and his secretary Colleen Barrett established based on Herb’s well-known dictum, “The business of business is not business. The business of business is people.” To Herb, Southwest was a cause—never just a company. The Freibergs write,

If there is an overarching reason for Southwest Airlines’ success, it is that the company has spent far more time since 1971 focused on loving people than on the development of new management techniques. The tragedy of our time is that we’ve got it backwards. We’ve learned to love techniques and use people. This is one of the reasons more and more people feel alienated, empty, and dehumanized at work. Many organizations today would be surprised at how much more people would be willing to give of themselves if only they felt loved.

Nuts| is dreadfully out-of-date. Southwest and the airline industry have changed a lot since the mid-90s. Southwest even stopped handing out peanuts to protect passengers from peanut-related allergies.

The miracle at Southwest Airlines could keep on only so long. As long as Herb was the CEO, employees would go the extra mile for the sake of Herb. Until his retirement in 2001, Herb preserved Southwest’s unique cost structure and work rules. Kelleher’s successor, Jim Parker, presided over mounting labor tensions and quit after just three years. CFO Gary Kelly replaced Parker in 2004. Bob Jordan became CEO in 2022.

The going has not been smooth for Kelly. Southwest has become more like the other carriers regarding employee relationships and cost structure. The rehabilitated legacy airlines and a new breed of ultralow cost carriers have chipped away gradually at many of Southwest’s apparent competitive advantages. Yes, customers still rave about Southwest’s friendly staff, unpretentious service, and flexibility in travel planning. However, Southwest hardly ever has the lowest fares on most routes. In fact, Southwest’s average fares have outpaced the industry by 12% since 2009.

Recommendation: Speed-read Nuts! … it’s full of original insights, upbeat stories, and concrete suggestions for principle-centered leadership and how to inspire people to achieve incredible results. Here are the key takeaway lessons:

Even a little respect goes a long way. Give employees responsibility and entrust them to take that responsibility.
Set the ground rules—and let employees be creative. “Culture is one of the most precious things a company has, so you must work harder at it than at anything else.”
Give your employees some skin in the game, and they’ll go the distance. Southwest claims, “We have credibility because we tell people what we’re going to do and then we do it.”
Empower workers to make decisions at the customer level. Employees who feel they have leeway in their jobs to make the “right decision” depending on circumstances are happier, more confident, and more productive. They’ll even give extra—because they believe their work has special meaning and is not just a job.
Make sure people feel they can be themselves and have opportunities to express individuality.
See yourself as a motivator and a positive force. When things go wrong, accentuate the positive and focus on a path to a solution. It’s an approach that employees will admire and want to emulate.
Build a sense of community. Foster the feeling of a “family” in which employees can count on each other professionally and personally.
Recognize that employees have lives outside of work. Celebrate every milestone to establish and strengthen relationships. The walls of Southwest’s headquarters are covered with pictures and commemorative plaques of picnics, community service awards, customers’ commendation letters, service employee milestones, and tributes to important cultural events.

Employee Development

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The Nordstrom Way: Enabling Employees to Have the Freedom and Vision to Become Self-Directing

Flying the Fun Skies at Southwest Airlines: Giving Employees the Freedom to Deliver a Great Brand Experience

Beyond the Call of Duty: Ladies and Gentlemen Serving Ladies and Gentlemen at Ritz-Carlton

Idea for Impact: Empowering Employees is a Strategic Approach That Yields Significant Benefits

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