• Skip to content
  • Skip to primary sidebar

Right Attitudes

Ideas for Impact

People Have Both Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivations for Doing What They Do

December 23, 2014 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

People have Both Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivations for Doing What They Do

Motivation is derived from incentives or disincentives that encourage a person to engage in an activity or behave a specific way. These actions are governed by two types of motivation, which is founded either externally or internally, through extrinsic or intrinsic motivation.

A healthy blend of both extrinsic and intrinsic motivation is conducive to success.

Extrinsic Motivation

Extrinsic motivation is the desire to perform a behavior in an effort to receive external rewards or avoid any threatened punishment.

In extrinsic motivation, a person’s primary driving force stems from rewards—a salary raise, bonuses, fame, and recognition—or from constraints, such as punishment or job loss. Thus, averting penalty or retribution, as well as earning such external rewards as recognition, money, or praise contribute to extrinsic motivation.

Examples of Extrinsic Motivation

  • A child tidies up her room to avoid being chastised by her parents.
  • After arriving late to work, a bank employee is told he must exercise punctuality and be prepared to serve customers at the proper time or risk losing his job.
  • A benefactor donates a sum of money large enough for his alma mater to rename its business school in his honor, for which he receives greater recognition and fame.

Intrinsic Motivation

In sharp contrast to extrinsic motivation, its intrinsic complement involves the desire to perform a task for its own sake.

In intrinsic motivation, the foremost reasoning behind a person’s actions includes his or her involvement in or commitment to work, or even the expected satisfaction with the work’s results. Intrinsic motivation reflects the desire to do something because it is pleasant or fulfilling, regardless of any additional benefits.

More specifically, behavior that is intrinsically motivated comes from within an individual. (Maslow’s “hierarchy of needs” is an intuitive and potentially convenient theory of human motivation.) That is, the person possesses determination or is naturally interested in a particular activity. An intrinsically motivated person does not require any external rewards or punishments in order to act. Often, the behavior or effort is a reward in itself.

Examples of Intrinsic Motivation

  • A career counselor refuses to help a well-heeled client embellish her resume and practice interview answers that exaggerate her previous accomplishments because the career counselor feels that deceiving his client’s potential employer is ethically wrong.
  • A teenager continues training himself to run long distance so he can compete “against himself” in marathons. He aims to improve his time, not win awards or become a professional athlete.
  • A volunteer offers her services just because “virtue is its own reward,” with no hope of recognition nor desire to avoid punishment.
  • An anonymous donor bestows a large sum of money to a charity because he believes in its cause.
  • A housewife starts a neighborhood bakery because she loves baking and cooking. Though she intends to build a profitable business, she seeks just enough money to compensate for her time and basic costs. Her main motivation lies in a passion for baking, in creating a business she can be proud of, and in serving her community.
  • A lawyer, coming from a low-income family herself, works pro bono to help the less fortunate since she understands their struggles.
  • Though it may prove inapplicable to his own industry, a software engineer learns a new programming language because of the fulfillment he gets from working with numbers and applying logic.

Wondering what to read next?

  1. Four Telltale Signs of an Unhappy Employee
  2. How to Banish Your Inner Perfectionist
  3. Numbers Games: Summary of The Tyranny of Metrics by Jerry Muller
  4. Seven Real Reasons Employees Disengage and Leave
  5. When Stress is Good

Filed Under: Sharpening Your Skills Tagged With: Motivation

Inspirational Quotations #559

December 21, 2014 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

All fair in love and war.
—Francis Edward Smedley

Liberal education develops a sense of right, duty and honor; and more and more in the modern world, large business rests on rectitude and honor as well as on good judgment.
—Charles William Eliot (American Educator)

Books are the quietest and most constant of friends; they are the most accessible and wisest of counselors, and the most patient of teachers.
—Charles William Eliot (American Educator)

Living is like tearing through a museum. Not until later do you really start absorbing what you saw, thinking about it, looking it up in a book, and remembering—because you can’t take it in all at once.
—Audrey Hepburn (Belgian-born British Actor)

You know that it is only through work that you can achieve anything, either in college or in the world
—Charles William Eliot (American Educator)

You ought to be true for the sake of the folks who think you are true. You never should stoop to a deed that your folks think you would not do. If you are false to yourself, be the blemish but small, you have injured your folks; you have been false to them all.
—Edgar Guest (English-born American Poet)

The thing that is incredible is life itself. Why should we be here in this sun-illuminated universe? Why should there be green earth under our feet?
—Edwin Markham (American Poet)

If man does find the solution for world peace it will be the most revolutionary reversal of his record we have ever known.
—George Marshall (American Military Leader)

The visionary disciplines himself to see the world always as if he had only just seen it for the first time.
—Colin Wilson (British Philosopher)

Laboring toward distant aims set the mind in a higher key and puts us at our best.
—Charles Henry Parkhurst (American Clergyman)

Filed Under: Inspirational Quotations

Situational Awareness: Learn to Adapt More Flexibly to Developing Situations

December 15, 2014 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

As humans, we are each a product of our habits. Much of our behavior is automated. This behavior—often reflexive and natural—is usually shaped by our mental models. These models or “behavioral scripts” that are ingrained in our minds influence how we process stimuli and act. As a result, our mental models influence not only our actions but also how we perceive and interpret various situations.

Mental models are very convenient: they simplify our comprehension of the world around us, streamline decision-making and help us get things done efficiently. At the same time, our reliance on these scripts comes at a cost: we tend to generalize into the future what has worked in the past. This dependence can compel us to overlook important information from the current environment. In addition, our biases often prevent us from considering factors that contradict these models. Mental models sometimes lead us to cling stubbornly to the “this is how I have always done it” mindset, which overlooks the realities of a new situation. We make mistakes when we rely on a model that doesn’t account for real-world situations.

Those mental models and behavioral scripts that we’ve grown so dependent on are the antithesis of adaptability: the characteristic of being adaptable, of being flexible under the influence of rapidly changing external conditions.

Idea for Impact: Learn to sharpen your ‘social antennae.’ Make every effort to read the circumstances and adapt more flexibly to a developing situation.

Parable: “Don’t Become Somebody”

Occasionally, it pays to feign ignorance, as exemplified by the following parable.

Once upon a time, there was a master and his pupil. The master was renowned for his esoteric teaching style. As part of a discussion regarding the self and ego development, the master advised, “Never become somebody.”

The master and pupil set out on a pilgrimage. After an exhausting trek, they stumbled upon a wilderness camp. There were no occupants or attendants around. The master and disciple assumed they could rest there. The master entered one of the cottages and immediately went to sleep. The pupil, emulating his teacher, stepped into an adjacent cottage and fell asleep.

After some time, a royal entourage returned to the camp fatigued from a hunting expedition. The monarch was furious when he glimpsed two strangers sleeping peacefully in his cottages. He dashed to the pupil, roused him and demanded, “Who are you? How dare you rest in my camp?” The pupil rose and noticed the king’s fuming countenance. Bowing respectfully, the pupil exclaimed, “I am a hermetic monk!” Incensed, the monarch ordered that the pupil be beaten up and thrown out.

Next the monarch approached the master, demanding his identity. The master quickly realized he had mistakenly helped himself to the royal cottage. Reading the monarch’s fury, the master did not answer. He feigned cluelessness, babbling, “Hmmmm.” The monarch was livid: “Can’t you understand? I want to know. Who are you?” Yet again, the master did not speak and babbled, “Hmmmm.” The monarch concluded, “He is clearly a dimwit. Take him out of here.”

Soon thereafter, the master and pupil reunited. The pupil was groaning in pain and lamented his stay in the royal camp. The master reiterated, “I told you, don’t become somebody. You ignored my advice, became somebody and suffered for it. You became a monk in that royal lodge and were punished. I did not become anybody and escaped unscathed.”

Recommended Reading

  • ‘Everyday Survival: Why Smart People Do Stupid Things’ by Laurence Gonzales
  • ‘The Power of Habit: Why We Do What We Do in Life and Business’ by Charles Duhigg
  • ‘Thinking, Fast and Slow’ by Daniel Kahneman
  • ‘Seeking Wisdom: From Darwin to Munger’ by Peter Bevelin

Wondering what to read next?

  1. Optimize with Intent
  2. The Mere Exposure Effect: Why We Fall for the Most Persistent
  3. The “Ashtray in the Sky” Mental Model: Idiot-Proofing by Design
  4. The Loss Aversion Mental Model: A Case Study on Why People Think Spirit is a Horrible Airline
  5. The Graveyard of Great Ideas: What Xerox PARC Teaches Us About Commercialization

Filed Under: Sharpening Your Skills Tagged With: Biases, Mental Models, Parables

Inspirational Quotations #558

December 14, 2014 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

If it is your time, love will track you down like a cruise missile.
—Lynda Barry (American Cartoonist)

Give wind and tide a chance to change.
—Richard Evelyn Byrd (American Aviator)

One cannot expect to coast along and rise automatically to the top, no matter what friends you may have in the company. There may have been a time when, in large corporations, a person could rise simply because he had a stock interest or because he had friends in top management. That’s not true today. Success in business requires training and discipline and hard work. But if you’re not frightened by these things, the opportunities are just as great today as they ever were.
—David Rockefeller (American Philanthropist)

A complacent satisfaction with present knowledge is the chief bar to the pursuit of knowledge.
—B. H. Liddell Hart (English Historian)

Consumption is the sole end and purpose of all production, and the interest of the producer ought to be attended to, only so far as it may be necessary for promoting that of the consumer.
—Adam Smith (Scottish Philosopher)

To sleep is an act of faith
—Barbara Grizzuti Harrison (American Journalist)

By going over your day in imagination before you begin it, you can begin acting successfully at any moment.
—Dorothea Brande (American Writer)

If we mean to have heroes, statesmen and philosophers, we should have learned women.
—Abigail Adams (American First Lady)

I am beginning to suspect all elaborate and special systems of education. They seem to me to be built up on the supposition that every child is a kind of idiot who must be taught to think.
—Anne Sullivan Macy (American Educator)

There should be no inferiors and no superiors for true world friendship.
—Carlos P. Romulo (Philippine Diplomat)

Filed Under: Inspirational Quotations

This Man Retired at 30 and is Ridiculously Happy

December 12, 2014 By Nagesh Belludi 1 Comment

“What’s money? A man is a success if he gets up in the morning and gets to bed at night and in between does what he wants to do.”
—Bob Dylan, American Musician

Early in my professional life, I pursued an ambition to attain wealth—not because I sought after luxury, but because I wanted to realize a financial foothold that could help me become financially independent and invest in a meaningful life. I’ve been “retired” for two years now, work very hard on my true pursuits, and live life on my own terms. I might fancy a change in the future; for now, I am living the dreams and I couldn’t be happier.

Money is a False God

Most people spend the better part of their adult lives chasing the almighty dollar in an ostensible pursuit of success and happiness. Wealth, characteristically manifested in the acquisition of things, becomes so defining of their success that it becomes their primary measure of accomplishment. Later in life, they wake up to the distressing fact that everything they’ve earned isn’t bringing them the wonderful life it was supposed to.

Pursuit of riches becomes such a trap because many people easily appraise life in terms that are defined by others.

Enjoy a Life of True Wealth

I admire anyone who is self-disciplined and is willing to live their life on their own terms. Last year, The Washington Post carried an interesting interview with a man who had retired at the age of 30, not caused by extreme wealth but by living with less. Mister Money Mustache realized early that the pursuit of material things could lead to a persistent sense of emptiness. Rather than being unfulfilled, his family’s live-with-less way of life has made them “ridiculously happy.” Here is an excerpt of the interview.

Q: You describe the typical middle-class life as an “exploding volcano of wastefulness.” Seems like lots of personal finance folks obsess about lattes. Are you just talking about the lattes here?

A: The latte is just the foamy figurehead of an entire spectrum of sloppy “I deserve it” luxury spending that consumes most of our gross domestic product these days. Among my favorite targets: commuting to an office job in an F-150 pickup truck, anything involving a drive-through, paying $100 per month for the privilege of wasting four hours a night watching cable TV and the whole yoga industry. There are better, and free, ways to meet these needs, but everyone always chooses the expensive ones and then complains that life is hard these days.

Wondering what to read next?

  1. The Extra Salary You Can Negotiate Ain’t Gonna Make You Happy
  2. The Easier Way to Build Wealth
  3. Here’s the #1 Lesson from Secret Millionaires
  4. With Needs, Without Wants
  5. How Ads Turn Us into Dreamers

Filed Under: Personal Finance Tagged With: Materialism, Personal Finance, Simple Living

Inspirational Quotations #557

December 7, 2014 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

Women are never stronger than when they arm themselves with their weakness.
—Marie Anne de Vichy-Chamrond, marquise du Deffand (French Socialite)

The best way to secure future happiness is to be as happy as is rightfully possible today.
—Charles William Eliot (American Educator)

The basic tool for the manipulation of reality is the manipulation of words. If you can control the meaning of words, you can control the people who must use the words.
—Philip K. Dick (American Novelist)

It often happens that I wake at night and begin to think about a serious problem and decide I must tell the Pope about it. Then I wake up completely and remember that I am the Pope.
—Pope John XXIII (Italian Catholic Religious Leader)

After some time passed in studying – and even imitating – the works of others, I would recommend the student to endeavour to be original, and to remember that originality should not be undiscovered plagiarism.
—Henry Peach Robinson

A rich man, of cultivated tastes, with every right to gratify them, knowing enough of sorrow to humble his heart toward God, and soften it toward his neighbor—gifted with not only the power but will to do good, and having lived long enough to reap the fruits of an honorable youth in a calm old age—such a man, in spite of his riches, is not unlikely to enter the kingdom of heaven.
—Dinah Craik (English Novelist)

The prosperous man is never sure that he is loved for himself.
—Lucan (Marcus Annaeus Lucanus)

Filed Under: Inspirational Quotations

With Needs, Without Wants

December 2, 2014 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

Contentment is worth more than riches. Having few desires and feeling satisfied with what you have is vital for happiness.

Be Happy with What You Have

In a This I Believe essay, Marianne Bachleder of San Francisco reminisces about consumerism and about being conscious of how much she already has:

We forget to be happy with what we have and in our forgetfulness we spread the infection of discontent. It’s a mistake easily made in a world where everyone is expected to pursue every want—the newest gadget, the latest update.

…

I may want shiny things, but I don’t need them. What I do desperately need is the peace of mind found in moments of contentment and gratitude. I need to identify each of my wildcat urges to purchase or possess as either “want” or “need.” My needs are basic, predictable, manageable. My wants are chaotic changelings, disturbers of the peace that can never be satisfied.

I will tend my needs, I will whittle my wants, and I will say often, “I’m happy with what I have.”

Thrift to Wealth

'The Little Book of Main Street Money' by Jonathan Clements (ISBN 0470473231) Jonathan Clements, personal finance columnist at Wall Street Journal and author of ‘The Little Book of Main Street Money’ and the forthcoming ‘Money Guide 2015’, spoke of thrift and the wealthy in an interview with Vanguard:

Over the years, I have met thousands of everyday Americans who have amassed seven-figure portfolios—and the one attribute shared by almost all of them is that they’re extremely frugal. When I was at Citi, I used to joke to the bankers that they would know a couple was wealthy if they pulled up to the branch in a second-hand Civic, wore clothes from J.C. Penney, and asked to have their parking ticket validated.

Shop at Amazon & Support a Noble Cause

Gyaana Prawas : Science/field trip for tribal kids in South India / Aapatsahaaya Foundation Dear readers, during this holiday season, if you succumb to the urge for the latest and the greatest or if you are shopping for gifts for friends and family, please consider shopping at Amazon.com using this link or clicking on a recommended book on the right sidebar of this website.

With no additional cost to you, 100% of the referral fees earned by this blog from the international Amazon Associates program support the education of underprivileged kids in South India. Our philanthropy partner is Aapatsahaaya Foundation, Bangalore. In 2013, your purchases funded part of a science/field trip for tribal kids.

Wondering what to read next?

  1. Why I’m Frugal
  2. Yes, Money Can Buy Happiness
  3. Never Enough
  4. Here’s the #1 Lesson from Secret Millionaires
  5. How Ads Turn Us into Dreamers

Filed Under: Living the Good Life, Personal Finance Tagged With: Attitudes, Giving, Materialism, Personal Finance, Simple Living

Inspirational Quotations #556

November 30, 2014 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

It is not truth, justice, liberty, that men seek; they seek only themselves. — And oh, that they knew how to seek themselves aright!
—Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi (German Philosopher)

Enthusiasm is a vital element toward the individual success of every man or woman.
—Conrad Hilton (American Business Person)

Love is the great miracle cure. Loving ourselves works miracles in our lives.
—Louise Hay (American Author)

Dignity is like a perfume; those who use it are scarcely conscious of it
—Christina, Queen of Sweden (Swedish Monarch)

Work is the greatest thing in the world, so we should always save some of it for tomorrow.
—Don Herold (American Humorist)

Focus on your potential instead of your limitations.
—Joe Dimaggio

In charity to all mankind, bearing no malice or ill-will to any human being, and even compassionating those who hold in bondage their fellow-men, not knowing what they do.
—John Quincy Adams (American Head of State)

The best perfection of a religious man is to do common things in a perfect manner.
—Bonaventure (Italian Christian Scholar)

When a man steals your wife, there is no better revenge than to let him keep her.
—Sacha Guitry (French Theater Personality)

We can be negative and cynical or we can be charged and hot wored to find a way through it, over it, around it under it.
—Laura Schlessinger (American Children’s Books Writer)

Where fear is, happiness is not.
—Seneca the Younger (Lucius Annaeus Seneca) (Roman Philosopher)

Time turns the old days to derision, our loves into corpses or wives; and marriage and death and division make barren our lives.
—Algernon Charles Swinburne (English Poet)

Everyone admits that love is wonderful and necessary, yet no one agrees on just what it is.
—Diane Ackerman (American Children’s Books Writer)

Endurance is frequently a form of indecision.
—Elizabeth Bibesco (English Poet)

Filed Under: Inspirational Quotations

Looking for Important Skills to Develop?

November 26, 2014 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

Whether you need to take on a new challenge, prepare yourself to become promotable, or enhance your performance at work, undertaking learning and development can help. You must continually be on the lookout for new talents to add to the vast fund of knowledge you’ve accumulated over the years and add to the reservoir of experiences from which to draw.

Some skills are critical to your success throughout your career and life. Chris Anderson recently suggested a set of vital topics that must be taught in school. Anderson is the founder and curator of the Ideas-Worth-Spreading TED conferences.

TED’s Chris Anderson propunds a “Syllabus of the Future”

  • How to nurture your curiosity.
  • How to Google intelligently and skeptically.
  • How to manage your money.
  • How to manage your time.
  • How to present your ideas.
  • How to make a compelling online video.
  • The secret life of a girl.
  • The secret life of a boy.
  • How to build a healthy relationship.
  • How to listen.
  • How to calm an argument.
  • Who do you want to be?
  • How to train your brain to be what you want to be.
  • 100 role models for the career you hadn’t thought of.
  • How to think like a scientist.
  • Why history matters.
  • Books that changed the world.
  • Why personal discipline is key to future success.
  • How your reflective self can manage your instinctual self.
  • How to defend the rights of people you care about.
  • 10 hours with a kid on the other side of the world.
  • The keys to a healthy diet.
  • Why exercise matters.
  • How generosity creates happiness.
  • How immersion in nature eases stress.
  • What are the questions no one knows the answer to?

Use his “Syllabus of the Future” list to evaluate your needs in development and educate yourself in a few selected topics. Design a development plan involving regular discussions, reading articles and books, watching instructional videos, attending courses offered by a professional association, and observing and apprenticing with a mentor proficient in the skill you seek.

Wondering what to read next?

  1. Howard Gardner’s Five Minds for the Future // Books in Brief
  2. This is Yoga for the Brain: Multidisciplinary Learning
  3. Four Ideas for Business Improvement Ideas
  4. Systems-Thinking as a Trait for Career Success
  5. Some Lessons Can Only Be Learned in the School of Life

Filed Under: Career Development, Sharpening Your Skills Tagged With: Creativity, Critical Thinking, Employee Development, Getting Ahead, Skills for Success, Thinking Tools, Winning on the Job

Inspirational Quotations #555

November 23, 2014 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

Vigilance in watching opportunity; tact and daring in seizing upon opportunity; force and persistence in crowding opportunity to its utmost of possible achievement—these are the martial virtues which must command success.
—Austin Phelps (American Presbyterian Clergyman)

You begin by always expecting good things to happen.
—Tom Hopkins (English Sportsperson)

Success is the satisfaction of feeling that one is realizing one’s ideal.
—Anna Pavlova (Russian Dancer)

I have been true to the principles of nonviolence, developing a stronger and stronger aversion to the ideologies of both the far right and the far left and a deeper sense of rage and sorrow over the suffering they continue to produce all over the world.
—Joan Baez (American Singer)

After a certain point, money is meaningless. It ceases to be the goal. The game is what counts.
—Aristotle Onassis (Greek Businessperson)

Thinking begins only when we have come to know that reason, glorified for centuries, is the stiff-necked adversary of thought.
—Martin Heidegger (German Existential Philosopher)

First health, then wealth, then pleasure, and do not owe anything to anybody.
—Catherine II of Russia (Russian Empress)

All business proceeds on beliefs, or judgments of probabilities, and not on certainties.
—Charles William Eliot (American Educator)

Your best teacher is your last mistake.
—Ralph Nader (American Activist)

My idea of education is to unsettle the minds of the young and inflame their intellects.
—Robert Maynard Hutchins (American Educator)

Nothing else can quite substitute for a few well-chosen, well-timed, sincere words of praise. They’re absolutely free and worth a fortune.
—Sam Walton (American Entrepreneur)

A man doesn’t begin to attain wisdom until he recognizes he is no longer indispensable.
—Richard Evelyn Byrd (American Aviator)

Filed Under: Inspirational Quotations

« Previous Page
Next Page »

Primary Sidebar

Popular Now

Anxiety Assertiveness Attitudes Balance Biases Coaching Conflict Conversations Creativity Critical Thinking Decision-Making Discipline Emotions Entrepreneurs Ethics Etiquette Feedback Getting Along Getting Things Done Goals Great Manager Innovation Leadership Lessons Likeability Mental Models Mindfulness Motivation Parables Performance Management Personal Growth Persuasion Philosophy Problem Solving Procrastination Psychology Relationships Resilience Simple Living Social Skills Stress Thinking Tools Thought Process Time Management Winning on the Job Wisdom

About: Nagesh Belludi [hire] is a St. Petersburg, Florida-based freethinker, investor, and leadership coach. He specializes in helping executives and companies ensure that the overall quality of their decision-making benefits isn’t compromised by a lack of a big-picture understanding.

Get Updates

Signup for emails

Subscribe via RSS

Contact Nagesh Belludi

RECOMMENDED BOOK:
Tap Dancing to Work

Tap Dancing to Work: Warren Buffett

Insights into Warren Buffett's investment strategies and his philosophies on management, philanthropy, public policy, and even parenting. Articles by Carol Loomis, Bill Gates, and others.

Explore

  • Announcements
  • Belief and Spirituality
  • Business Stories
  • Career Development
  • Effective Communication
  • Great Personalities
  • Health and Well-being
  • Ideas and Insights
  • Inspirational Quotations
  • Leadership
  • Leadership Reading
  • Leading Teams
  • Living the Good Life
  • Managing Business Functions
  • Managing People
  • MBA in a Nutshell
  • Mental Models
  • News Analysis
  • Personal Finance
  • Podcasts
  • Project Management
  • Proverbs & Maxims
  • Sharpening Your Skills
  • The Great Innovators

Recently,

  • Uncomfortable Taking Compliments? Just Say ‘Thank You.’
  • Before You Become an Entrepreneur, Talk Yourself Out of It
  • ‘In the Mood for Love’ and the Residue of Stoic Restraint
  • Inspirational Quotations #1177
  • How to Deal with … Interrupters
  • How to Deal with … Overtalkers
  • Stress You Can’t Name Is Stress You Can’t Manage

Unless otherwise stated in the individual document, the works above are © Nagesh Belludi under a Creative Commons BY-NC-ND license. You may quote, copy and share them freely, as long as you link back to RightAttitudes.com, don't make money with them, and don't modify the content. Enjoy!