• Skip to content
  • Skip to primary sidebar

Right Attitudes

Ideas for Impact

Effective Communication

A Taxonomy of Troubles: Summary of Tiffany Watt Smith’s ‘The Book of Human Emotions’

October 1, 2025 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

'The Book of Human Emotions' by Tiffany Watt Smith (ISBN 0316265403) Some books aren’t designed to be read front to back. Tiffany Watt Smith’s The Book of Human Emotions (2016) is a perfect example. It’s a compendium, a literary grab bag where readers can open to any page and uncover a curious nugget about the strange terrain of human feeling. Whether it launches a dinner-table debate or sends you into a cultural rabbit hole, its charm lies in its delightfully unsystematic approach.

Smith, a cultural historian focusing on the history of emotion, offers a colorful tour of the emotional spectrum. Some entries are instantly relatable; others are wonderfully obscure. The format is encyclopedic, ranging from single-sentence definitions to multi-page explorations. There’s basorexia, the sudden urge to kiss, and iktsuarpok, the anxious anticipation of someone’s arrival. Smith notes in the introduction that the modern idea of “emotions” didn’t appear until the 1830s. Before then, feelings were blamed on faulty souls or imbalanced bodily fluids like bile or phlegm.

The book is more than just a glossary; it’s threaded with sharp cultural insights—when a language has a specific word for a concept, it often indicates that this concept is culturally important, frequently discussed, or central to how people interact and understand their world. Smith touches on the aggressively enforced cheeriness of American customer service, a strange mandate for mandatory happiness that somehow leaves everyone slightly gloomier. She also highlights curiosities like awumbuk (from Papua New Guinea,) the oddly specific feeling of emptiness after guests leave, and the Dutch concept of gezelligheid, capturing the warmth of shared companionship.

Recommendation: Leaf through The Book of Human Emotions. Though the concept occasionally feels stretched, perhaps suggesting the author discovered that emotions alone might not justify an entire book, it remains engaging throughout. Smith writes with clarity and wit, avoiding the heaviness of academic prose. This is the kind of book that earns its place on the coffee table. It’s best enjoyed in fragments, one curious entry at a time, gently reminding us how language and culture shape what we feel and how we understand each other.

Wondering what to read next?

  1. Each Temperament Has Its Own Language
  2. The Mere Exposure Effect: Why We Fall for the Most Persistent
  3. People Give Others What They Themselves Want // Summary of Greg Chapman’s The Five Love Languages
  4. Honest Commitments: Saying ‘No’ is Kindness
  5. Most Writing Is Bad Because It Doesn’t Know Why It Exists

Filed Under: Effective Communication, Ideas and Insights, Sharpening Your Skills Tagged With: Assertiveness, Attitudes, Communication, Conversations, Meaning, Parables, Persuasion, Psychology

Narcissism Isn’t Confidence—It’s a Crisis of Worth

August 25, 2025 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

Narcissism Isn't Confidence, It's a Crisis of Worth We tend to see narcissists as preening showboats—people who crave attention, inflate their self-image, and dominate the spotlight. Often, our reflexive response blends dislike with a touch of envy. After all, narcissism seems to reflect confidence and competence, and society rewards those traits handsomely.

But as humanistic philosopher Erich Fromm reminds us in The Art of Being (1989,) that impression is misleading. From a psychological perspective, narcissists don’t love themselves too much—they struggle to love themselves at all. The swagger isn’t proof of wholeness but a carefully constructed façade meant to hide a deep sense of inadequacy.

Rather than vilify or envy, perhaps we can view narcissistic behavior as a strategy—a means by which the narcissist copes with the emotional turmoil of feeling unseen, unworthy, or insignificant. It serves as an overcorrection, a self-preservation tactic designed to stave off the discomfort of vulnerability.

We’re all, in some way, seeking to be loved for who we are. Narcissists just shout louder—not because they want attention, but because they’re afraid they won’t be heard. When we look at narcissism through this lens, compassion becomes possible. The self-absorption, the grandiosity, the insistence on being right—these aren’t signs of a well-fed ego, but of a starved one. They’re desperate attempts to mend an inner fracture, to fill an emotional vacancy no amount of applause can satisfy.

Idea for Impact: Narcissism isn’t self-love—it’s disguised self-doubt. And maybe the most constructive response isn’t scorn or jealousy, but the quiet grace of understanding. Still, let’s not forget: insecurity dressed as dominance is still dangerous.

Wondering what to read next?

  1. Avoid Control Talk
  2. “But, Excuse Me, I’m Type A”: The Ultimate Humblebrag?
  3. The Trouble with Accusing Someone of Virtue Signaling
  4. How Smart People Undermine Their Success
  5. Beware of Narcissists’ Reality Twists and Guilt Trips

Filed Under: Effective Communication, Managing People Tagged With: Assertiveness, Attitudes, Confidence, Humility, Likeability, Manipulation, Personality, Psychology, Respect, Suffering

Most Writing Is Bad Because It Doesn’t Know Why It Exists

July 10, 2025 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

Most Writing Is Bad Because It Doesn't Know Why It Exists Ask anyone who has ever written something that actually worked—a punchy social post, a compelling blog entry, a persuasive ad, or even a user manual that finally made sense—and they’ll tell you: it didn’t begin with confidence or inspiration. It started with motive. Real motive. Before the first sentence hit the page, there was already a reason burning behind it. Writing wasn’t a search for clarity. It was the final execution of it.

In college editing classes, students are often introduced to the concept of exigence in rhetorical theory. This aligns perfectly with the idea that strong writing needs two things: a clear thesis and a compelling motive. While the thesis is usually straightforward, the motive—that deeper reason the piece truly deserves to exist—often leaves students blank. Ask why they wrote a particular essay, and the most common answer is, “Because it was assigned.”

That’s not a motive. That’s compliance. And it’s exactly why so much writing feels hollow. The form may be polished, but the pulse is missing.

Writing without motive is like swinging a sword at fog. There’s motion, but no impact.

What readers truly want to know is this: What gripped the writer’s mind hard enough to make them sit down and wrestle with a blank page rather than scroll TikTok or eat cereal straight from the box? Why this topic, and why now?

Idea for Impact: If a writer can answer that—whether it’s obsession, frustration, or a question that won’t let go—the piece gains traction. The spark becomes visible. And maybe, just maybe, the reader will feel it too.

Wondering what to read next?

  1. Lessons from JFK’s Inspiration Moon Landing Speeches
  2. Confirm Key Decisions in Writing
  3. Serve the ‘Lazy Grapefruit’
  4. Here’s a Tactic to Sell Change: As a Natural Progression
  5. The Mere Exposure Effect: Why We Fall for the Most Persistent

Filed Under: Effective Communication, Mental Models Tagged With: Assertiveness, Communication, Conversations, Critical Thinking, Marketing, Motivation, Persuasion, Writing

This Single Word Can Drastically Elevate Your Productivity

June 23, 2025 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

Don't Agree to Less: Say 'No' and Focus on What Matters

You’re working hard, but you still feel stuck when it comes to making real progress. It’s easy to blame demanding clients, a tough boss, or family obligations. Maybe you fall back on familiar excuses like ‘stuff happens’ or ‘if only this’ or ‘if only that.’ Or you might even complain that the world isn’t moving fast enough for you.

But the real issue is your inability to decline what isn’t essential. Saying ‘yes’feels easier—you don’t like turning people down because you don’t want to be the bad guy. And there’s always that nagging thought: “How long could this really take?” While those reasons may feel valid, they’re just excuses.

Every time you say ‘yes’ to something, you’re inherently saying ‘no’ to something else.

You can’t keep saying ‘yes’ to everything without consequences. And those consequences often show up as stalled progress and stress. Important things end up taking a backseat. If you’re not focusing on what truly matters to you, you’ll get overwhelmed, irritated, and ultimately unhappy.

The good news is, you can change this dynamic. You have the power.

Start by creating a clear list of what’s important to you at work and at home. It’s okay if work priorities are at the top or if family comes first. The key is knowing what matters to you.

Once you have that clarity, use your list to filter your time-allocation decisions. When a new request or task comes your way, check if it aligns with your top priorities. If it’s important, that’s great! Just remember, prioritizing it will push other things down your list, and you might not get to those.

If the request doesn’t align, simply decline it.

Don’t take on anything that won’t move you closer to where you want to be.

Just say ‘no.’

That one word—‘no’—is incredibly powerful. The initial discomfort of saying ‘no’ will fade quickly, but the long-term benefits will last. This isn’t about being selfish; it’s about being smart with your time and energy.

Don’t agree to something when you know you can—and must—say ‘no.’ If you keep saying ‘yes,’ you’ll have no one to blame but yourself for not making progress on what truly matters.

Don’t agree to less.

Wondering what to read next?

  1. Everything in Life Has an Opportunity Cost
  2. What Most People Get Wrong About Focus
  3. The Tyranny of Obligations: Summary of Sarah Knight’s ‘The Life-Changing Magic of Not Giving a F**k’
  4. Don’t Say “Yes” When You Really Want to Say “No”
  5. When It’s Over, Leave

Filed Under: Effective Communication, Living the Good Life, Mental Models Tagged With: Assertiveness, Balance, Decision-Making, Discipline, Likeability, Persuasion, Relationships, Simple Living, Time Management

How to … Address Over-Apologizing

May 31, 2025 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

Helping Friends and Family Stop Over-Apologizing The tendency to over-apologize frequently originates from anxiety, an inflated sense of responsibility, or diminished self-esteem. This may manifest as preemptive apologies or over-explanations, prompted by a fear of negative evaluation. It can also be a learned behavioral pattern, developed during childhood or as a mechanism for conflict avoidance.

Rather than instructing overapologizers to “stop apologizing,” it is more effective to offer reassurance by stating, “You have no need to apologize.” In instances where apologies are misapplied, gently redirect their attention to the pertinent subject.

Wondering what to read next?

  1. Avoid Control Talk
  2. Signs Your Helpful Hand Might Stray to Sass
  3. Stop Trying to Fix Things, Just Listen!
  4. Avoid Trigger Words: Own Your Words with Grace and Care
  5. Office Chitchat Isn’t Necessarily a Time Waster

Filed Under: Effective Communication, Managing People, Sharpening Your Skills Tagged With: Conversations, Etiquette, Getting Along, Listening, Persuasion, Social Life, Social Skills

Listen to Understand, Not to Respond

May 28, 2025 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

Listen to Understand, Not to Respond Many people overestimate their listening skills, yet true listening is uncommon. However, anyone can become an excellent listener by embracing a key principle: listen intently.

In any meaningful conversation, give your complete focus not only to the spoken words but also to the speaker’s underlying emotions and messages. This requires attention without judgment or the internal urge to formulate responses or ask clarifying questions prematurely. When the speaker pauses, resist the urge to interject, allowing them space to continue. Respond instead with a nod or a thoughtful question that encourages further sharing.

In your next important conversation—whether with your boss or partner—practice this focused attention. You might be surprised by the positive impact it creates.

Wondering what to read next?

  1. Signs Your Helpful Hand Might Stray to Sass
  2. Avoid Trigger Words: Own Your Words with Grace and Care
  3. Silence Speaks Louder in Conversations
  4. Why Giving Advice Backfires: Their Issues, Not Yours
  5. “Are We Fixing, Whinging, or Distracting?”

Filed Under: Effective Communication, Managing People, Sharpening Your Skills Tagged With: Asking Questions, Conversations, Etiquette, Getting Along, Likeability, Listening, Mindfulness, Social Skills

The Abilene Paradox: Just ‘Cause Everyone Agrees Doesn’t Mean They Do

May 19, 2025 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

The Abilene Paradox: Just Because Everyone Agrees Doesn't Mean They Do

Imagine this: your boss invites you to her housewarming party. She intentionally seeks an intimate gathering and isn’t particularly thrilled about your presence, yet she invites you because she thinks you might want to join the fun. So, you attend, even though you’d rather take a scenic hike with your kids, convinced that your boss is genuinely excited to have you there.

This scenario illustrates a curious phenomenon where individuals in a team make choices that contradict their true desires. Each person assumes that the others are on board, so they stifle their honest feelings to fit what they believe is the group consensus. There’s a sociological term for this phenomenon: The Abilene Paradox.

Take another scenario: in a meeting, the HR manager suggests a wellness program designed to reduce stress, trusting it’ll be a crowd-pleaser, even though she thinks it’s a bit foolish. Each team member harbors doubts, seeing the program as a distraction, but nobody speaks up. Afraid of being seen as a downer, they all nod in agreement, despite thinking it’s a terrible idea. In this case, a group makes a collective decision that contradicts the individual preferences of its members, often due to poor communication and a desire to avoid conflict.

The Abilene Paradox is a groupthink mistake that highlights the pitfalls of collective decision-making, resulting in wasted resources and frustration within the team. George Washington University management professor Jerry B. Harvey coined the term in his 1974 article, “The Abilene Paradox: The Management of Agreement.” The name stems from an amusing anecdote about a family trip, which can be summarized as follows.

On a blistering summer afternoon in Texas, a husband and wife languished on their porch, feeling utterly bored. The husband suggested a road trip to Abilene, thinking it would provide a refreshing change of scenery. Little did he know, his wife had reservations but kept quiet, hoping to please him. Their daughter, eavesdropping on their conversation, also opted not to voice her disinterest, believing she should join them if her parents wanted to go.

They packed the car and hit the road, despite none of them truly wanting to embark on this adventure. The journey was filled with discomfort and dissatisfaction. Finally, as they settled down to eat in Abilene, the truth came to light: none of them had wanted to go in the first place. Each family member had gone along with the plan, driven by false assumptions and a desire to avoid conflict, leading to a decision that nobody genuinely supported.

The Abilene Paradox underscores key ideas:

  • People may wrongly assume everyone agrees, creating a false sense of consensus—False Consensus.
  • Individuals often stay silent to avoid conflict, leading to decisions no one truly supports—Desire to Avoid Conflict.
  • Poor communication keeps people from sharing their real thoughts, reinforcing the paradox—Communication Breakdown.

To combat the Abilene Paradox and avoid agreeing to decisions that no one truly supports just to evade conflict, foster a culture that encourages open disagreement—your team should feel safe voicing differing opinions. You’ll make decisions that genuinely reflect the group’s interests. You’ll avoid false consensus and ensure you gain authentic buy-in from everyone involved.

Consider a tense cricket match as an example. Two batsmen at the crease find themselves in a dilemma when one hits a powerful shot toward deep cover. Both instinctively start to run, assuming the other wants a run, but they’re well aware of the risk of a run-out. Yet, neither communicates their intentions. The fielder hits the stumps just as one batsman reaches the crease, resulting in a narrow run-out. This example illustrates that clear communication—such as calling “yes” to run or “no” to stay put—could’ve prevented the misunderstanding and reduced the risk of a run-out.

Idea for Impact: Just because everyone’s enthusiastically agreeing with you doesn’t mean they genuinely support your idea. Keep that in mind when everyone claims to love your latest and greatest suggestion.

Wondering what to read next?

  1. Charlie Munger’s Iron Prescription
  2. How to Stimulate Group Creativity // Book Summary of Edward de Bono’s ‘Six Thinking Hats’
  3. To Make an Effective Argument, Explain Your Opponent’s Perspective
  4. How to Gain Empathic Insight during a Conflict
  5. Rapoport’s Rules to Criticize Someone Constructively

Filed Under: Effective Communication, Leading Teams, Mental Models Tagged With: Conflict, Conversations, Mental Models, Persuasion, Social Dynamics, Teams, Thinking Tools, Thought Process

How Small Talk in Italy Changed My Perspective on Talking to Strangers

April 28, 2025 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

Talking to Strangers Fosters Connection, Discovery, and Spontaneity

I spent two weeks immersed in Italian culture earlier this spring and quickly realized that few have mastered the art of flair quite like the Italians. In the bel paese, reveling in life’s simple pleasures is not merely a pastime—it is interwoven into the very fabric of daily life.

In Italy, the concept of personal space is delightfully flexible. My American friend, married to a Sicilian, discovered this when her indefatigable mother-in-law unexpectedly invaded her domain to wash, fold, and even reorganize her wardrobe into an impressively neat display. What might seem like intrusive meddling is, in truth, familial affection expressed through extreme household management—a nuance she ultimately embraced as an integral aspect of Italian family life. Yet even cherished customs have their limits; in 2003, Italy’s Supreme Court ruled that an overbearing and intrusive mother-in-law constituted valid grounds for divorce, challenging one of the nation’s most enduring family traditions.

One of my most striking observations was how Italians blur the boundaries between social and private spaces. Areas that might be considered personal elsewhere—such as elevators, waiting rooms, and checkout lines—are open arenas for conversation. Everyday interactions become opportunities for genuine connection. Whether it’s a quick chat at a café, a few pleasantries with a cashier, or a lively debate with a local grocer over the best produce, no space is too confined or ordinary to foster human contact.

Interacting with strangers carries an unexpected benefit: it makes the routine monotony of daily life far more bearable. A witty remark in line, a passing joke on public transit, or a cheerful exchange in a waiting room each serve to break up the tedium. In fact, research suggests that these small interactions boost mood, enhance a sense of belonging, and contribute to overall well-being.

While caution has its place, embracing conversation in everyday life makes the world feel more open and welcoming. A simple hello can brighten someone’s day, spark an unexpected discussion, or lead to a fleeting but memorable moment of connection.

Idea for Impact: Adopt that mindset of Liminal Sociability. Embrace connection wherever it naturally arises. It’ll make the tediousness of everyday life more bearable. It’ll make the world feel just a bit friendlier—one conversation at a time.

Wondering what to read next?

  1. Avoid Control Talk
  2. Witty Comebacks and Smart Responses for Nosy People
  3. Signs Your Helpful Hand Might Stray to Sass
  4. Avoid Trigger Words: Own Your Words with Grace and Care
  5. “But, Excuse Me, I’m Type A”: The Ultimate Humblebrag?

Filed Under: Effective Communication, Managing People, Mental Models, Sharpening Your Skills Tagged With: Conversations, Etiquette, Getting Along, Likeability, Luck, Personality, Social Life, Social Skills

How to Be a Great Conversationalist: Ask for Stories

April 22, 2025 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

Master conversations---invite stories for deeper, more meaningful connections. Ditch small talk—invite real stories. Skip generic questions and encourage people to share when the moment is right. Stories reveal passions, fears, and values, creating trust and connection beyond surface-level chatter.

Engage fully. When someone shares, listen with presence. Let them relive emotions and details, absorbing more than just words—feel their experience.

Respect boundaries. Not everyone is comfortable opening up. Watch for cues, adapt to cultural differences, and never push. Connection happens when people feel safe to be themselves. Create space, listen with care, and let stories unfold naturally.

Idea for Impact: Get them talking. Let them take their time.

Wondering what to read next?

  1. How Small Talk in Italy Changed My Perspective on Talking to Strangers
  2. Witty Comebacks and Smart Responses for Nosy People
  3. Signs Your Helpful Hand Might Stray to Sass
  4. Avoid Trigger Words: Own Your Words with Grace and Care
  5. How to … Gracefully Exit a Conversation at a Party

Filed Under: Effective Communication, Managing People, Sharpening Your Skills Tagged With: Confidence, Conversations, Etiquette, Likeability, Meetings, Social Life, Social Skills

Avoid Telling Someone in Trouble “Be Positive” … It Denies Their Reality

April 3, 2025 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

Forced Positivity is a Form of Denial Encouraging someone to “just be positive” during tough times can inadvertently overlook the complexity of their situation and the depth of their emotions.

Positivity helps, but not all issues are solved with it. Each person processes difficulties differently and simply urging someone to be positive may trivialize their emotions or leave them feeling invalidated. It doesn’t boost their resilience.

Forced positivity stifles the essence of true life. Instead, extend support, empathy, and understanding. Avoid denying their reality or pressuring them to suppress their emotions and pretend to be positive. Refrain from creating barriers to open communication, as this may compel them to conceal their true feelings to meet the expectation of positivity.

Idea for Impact: Forced positivity is a form of denial. True strength is often found in authenticity. Navigating life’s challenges starts with acknowledging its abundance of shortcomings, foibles, and crippling insecurities.

Wondering what to read next?

  1. Listen to Understand, Not to Respond
  2. Entitlement and Anger Go Together
  3. How to … Address Over-Apologizing
  4. Avoid Trigger Words: Own Your Words with Grace and Care
  5. Silence Speaks Louder in Conversations

Filed Under: Effective Communication, Managing People Tagged With: Coaching, Conversations, Emotions, Etiquette, Getting Along, Listening, Mindfulness, Social Skills

Next Page »

Primary Sidebar

Popular Now

Anxiety Assertiveness Attitudes Balance Biases Coaching Conflict Conversations Creativity Critical Thinking Decision-Making Discipline Emotions Entrepreneurs Etiquette Feedback Getting Along Getting Things Done Goals Great Manager Innovation Leadership Leadership Lessons Likeability Mental Models Mentoring Mindfulness Motivation Networking Parables Performance Management Persuasion Philosophy Problem Solving Procrastination Relationships Simple Living Social Skills Stress Suffering Thinking Tools Thought Process Time Management Winning on the Job Wisdom

About: Nagesh Belludi [hire] is a St. Petersburg, Florida-based freethinker, investor, and leadership coach. He specializes in helping executives and companies ensure that the overall quality of their decision-making benefits isn’t compromised by a lack of a big-picture understanding.

Get Updates

Signup for emails

Subscribe via RSS

Contact Nagesh Belludi

RECOMMENDED BOOK:
How Asia Works

How Asia Works: Joe Studwell

Joe Studwell on how Asia’s post-war economic miracles emerged via land reform, government-backed manufacturing, and financial repression.

Explore

  • Announcements
  • Belief and Spirituality
  • Business Stories
  • Career Development
  • Effective Communication
  • Great Personalities
  • Health and Well-being
  • Ideas and Insights
  • Inspirational Quotations
  • Leadership
  • Leadership Reading
  • Leading Teams
  • Living the Good Life
  • Managing Business Functions
  • Managing People
  • MBA in a Nutshell
  • Mental Models
  • News Analysis
  • Personal Finance
  • Podcasts
  • Project Management
  • Proverbs & Maxims
  • Sharpening Your Skills
  • The Great Innovators

Recently,

  • Inspirational Quotations #1123
  • Should You Read a Philosophy Book or a Self-Help Book?
  • A Rule Followed Blindly Is a Principle Betrayed Quietly
  • Stoic in the Title, Shallow in the Text: Summary of Robert Rosenkranz’s ‘The Stoic Capitalist’
  • Inspirational Quotations #1122
  • Five Questions to Keep Your Job from Driving You Nuts
  • A Taxonomy of Troubles: Summary of Tiffany Watt Smith’s ‘The Book of Human Emotions’

Unless otherwise stated in the individual document, the works above are © Nagesh Belludi under a Creative Commons BY-NC-ND license. You may quote, copy and share them freely, as long as you link back to RightAttitudes.com, don't make money with them, and don't modify the content. Enjoy!