Ideas for Impact
Messaging isn’t only about the product.
It isn’t solely about the problem.
It isn’t even just about the consequences of not solving that problem.
It’s about the emotional pain that you alleviate.
Good marketers highlight the benefits, value, or solutions that their product or service can offer. The best marketers often leverage emotional triggers to establish a deeper connection with consumers.
There’s always competition, even if you’re introducing an industry-first solution. Let the following case studies serve as a cautionary tale.
Consider launching a new upmarket coffee shop in a bustling location. You might assume that establishing it in a neighborhood without other fine-coffee purveyors guarantees success, but competition still exists. Your intended clientele is already brewing their own top-notch coffee at home or patiently waiting to satisfy their caffeine cravings at work. By introducing your shop, you’re challenging their comfortable routine of enjoying coffee in their pajamas or at their work desks.
Don’t imagine the iPod didn’t face competition when it first launched. In fact, it faced a significant challenge from multiple fronts. Not only did it have to compete with other MP3 players, which were arguably less convenient, but it also had to outdo the storage capacity and convenience of CDs and the variety of radio stations. However, the iPod proved to be a game-changer with its ground-breaking 1.8-inch hard drive, a revolution in music-listening technology. With that iconic click wheel, you could shuffle through songs and switch from classical to heavy metal in the blink of an eye. And let’s not forget how cool it was to play with!
Back in the day, Southwest Airlines started with just three routes in Texas and no big-shot airlines to compete with. They had to convince folks that flying was better than hitting the road in their trusty jalopy. They hyped up the time-saving factor and ensured passengers knew they could still chow down on some grub at home. They also showered their passengers with free booze and had flight attendants rocking hot pants and go-go boots.
When Spirit Airlines decided to focus heavily on the Visiting Friends and Relatives (VFR) Market in Latin America, it had to compete against other high-priced airlines and face a new and challenging competitor. As technology advanced, Hispanic and Latino Americans could video-chat with their loved ones instead of splurging on expensive flights. Why bother with the hassle of international travel when you could easily catch up with your family while lounging in your jammies and munching on some Cheetos?
Remember, competition is everywhere—focus not just on direct competition but also on changing consumer preferences and hidden alternatives. You can’t just create customers out of thin air. Your product or service has to be compelling enough to make people choose you over your competition. You must offer something dramatically better, faster, cheaper, more powerful, or cooler than your established competitors.
Jim Throneburg made socks. Innovative socks. “Activity-specific” padded socks. THORLO, his family-owned sock manufacturing company based in Statesville, North Carolina, is known for its innovative padded socks for various activities such as running, hiking, walking, skiing, and more.
Throneburg’s innovation didn’t come from a flash of genius but from a personal experience. In 1953, Throneburg founded THORLO after seeing his father suffer from foot pain caused by poor-quality socks. He started selling socks out of the trunk of his car. As the quality of the socks gained recognition, the company began to expand. In the 1960s, the product line expanded to include socks for hiking and mountaineering, and in the 1970s, THORLO developed a specialized padding system that could be customized for different activities.
In the late 1970s, Throneburg realized that as the function of shoes changed, so should the design of the socks that complemented them. Drawing from his experience at a weight-loss clinic where he needed thicker-soled socks, he transformed Throneburg Hosiery Mill from a commodity business into an innovative sock manufacturer that became THORLO. He invested in new designs, yarns, and technology that he had perfected, making padded socks for the military. The company has since created dozens of sport-specific sock varieties.
THORLO’s R&D happens where the foot meets the sock and the shoe, addressing everyday problems ordinary people face. Throneburg developed a ladies’ rolltop sock for golf and tennis after a woman golfer complained about her socks slipping down. When a man with a rare foot condition found relief from THORLO’s socks and asked if Throneburg could make socks for his young daughters, Throneburg forwarded the request to product development.
Throneburg held more than 25 patents in the United States and internationally, and he was one of the most prolific inventors in the sock, insole, and shoe industries. His success demonstrated that innovation does not require a flashy tech startup or a billion-dollar budget.
Idea for Impact: Innovation could happen anywhere and at any time. It was not just about new products or cutting-edge technologies but about seeing things differently and understanding customers’wants and needs.
Jeff Bezos is known for his far-sighted perspective and willingness to take bold risks that may not pay off for years. One of his most noteworthy ideas, which we can all learn from and integrate into our own mental frameworks, is the importance of streamlining processes and systems and preparing for expansion.
During the dot-com crash, Amazon’s stock price plummeted an astonishing 90%, hitting a low of just $6 per share in September 2001, down from its peak of $107 per share in December 1999. Bezos remained resolute despite the market’s instability and decreasing confidence in tech startups. Instead of losing his nerve, he doubled down on his long-term vision for the company. He saw an opportunity to reevaluate Amazon’s strategy and focus on achieving financial sustainability.
To this end, Bezos made numerous changes to Amazon’s operations, abandoning the “Get Big Fast” mentality of the startup culture in favor of a new approach focused on “Getting Our House in Order (GOHIO.)” According to Eugene Wei, who worked at Amazon as a strategy analyst from 1997 to 2004, Bezos insisted that his team concentrate on improving the company’s internal systems and processes, eschewing quick fixes or superficial solutions implemented during the company’s early, rapid growth phase. Every decision was aimed at achieving scale, discipline, and efficiency. Bezos also hired new managers to help guide the company toward financial stability.
Thanks to this strategic shift, Amazon weathered the dot-com crash and emerged as one of the most successful corporations in the world. And Bezos came to be widely regarded as one of the most brilliant and accomplished entrepreneurs of modern times.
Idea for Impact: By taking advantage of lull periods to get your affairs in order, you can set yourself up for success in the long run. Whether yearly, monthly, or even weekly, taking the time to get organized, clarify your vision, and establish efficient workflows can help you stay focused and achieve your goals more effectively. And by preparing your physical and digital spaces, mindsets, and personnel, you can create an environment that supports your aspirations and helps you reach your full potential.
The prescription eyeglasses retailer Warby Parker was launched by four drinking buddies at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. The founders intended to disrupt a high-profit margin industry by taking out the intermediary.
Selling prescription eyeglasses online (Warby Parker mostly sells via brick-and-mortar today) would also defy skeptics who preferred to see certain things—shoes, diamond rings, cars—in person and were disinclined to get them online. Warby Parker’s incumbent competitors, 39DollarGlasses.com and EyeBuyDirect.com, had sloppy websites. A crucial part of Warby Parker’s startup plan was to start a user-friendly website where shoppers could upload a photograph of themselves and try on glasses virtually.
At first, the founders outsourced the website, resulting in disastrous consequences. In an interview with Fortune magazine (1-Jun-2019,) co-founder & co-CEO David Gilboa reflected on the pitfalls of outsourcing critical business components:
None of us [the founders] was qualified to build the website, so we solicited proposals and got a handful of bids from agencies. We chose the cheapest option, but a few months in, we realized it was a mistake. Their execution wasn’t what they promised. So we ended up firing them.
Now we develop most of the technology we use in-house to ensure we maintain as much control over the customer experience as possible. We’ve developed our website and both of our apps internally.
Outsourcing a core function may give you a short-term uplift, but you’ll fail to create the core expertise within your company. That’s necessary to build a sustainable competitive advantage. The vendor just isn’t as invested in your success.
Building know-how internally is more challenging, but it’ll pay off in the long run. Sure, you may need to tap an outsourced hire for specialized expertise that you lack. But concentrate on developing your core functions in-house. In fact, be as micro-managey as possible in the early days.
Leverage outside help for bookkeeping, legal, and everything else that doesn’t generate a competitive advantage.
The discovery and development of an invention are usually easier relative to the creativity and resources required to make it a commercial success. Indeed, many entrepreneurs and intrapreneurs struggle to commercialize their idea meaningfully—establish the idea’s marketability to prospective backers, engage potential customers, and price and promote their product or service for a favorable return on investment. Consider this case study of the Bombardier CSeries jets—fated for misfortune for many years only to morph into the successful Airbus A220 series:
As a country, we habitually underinvest in R&D. And, when domestic champions like Bombardier do emerge, they often prove unable to turn their great ideas into commercially successful, globally dominant businesses.
In a knowledge economy, a country’s future prosperity is increasingly tied to its ability to generate and capitalize on innovative new ideas.
“The paradox is that while there is innovation going on in Canada, we do not observe the same level of commercialization and ownership of those innovations [as in other countries]. In many cases, inventions developed in Canada are then commercialized by foreign companies that keep much of that benefit.”
Idea for Impact: Don’t let your idea fizzle because they can’t take your sizzle to market. Focus not just on overcoming internal barriers but also on how to commercialize your innovation. Hire outside capabilities if necessary.
Don’t dot every I and cross every T. Leave a stone unturned.
Ignore a rule. Don’t tie up every loose end.
Leave some questions unanswered. Let something be out of place.
Violate the expectation and usher a realm of potentiality. As the American artist Julia Cameron noted in her seminal self-help book The Artist’s Way: A Spiritual Path to Higher Creativity (1992,) “Art needs time to incubate, to sprawl a little, to be ungainly and misshapen and finally emerge as itself. The ego hates this fact. The ego wants instant gratification and the addictive hit of an acknowledged win.”
A piece of art, a movie, a melodic line, or a production all tend to be more captivating when they leave you wondering—when they urge you to explore the possibilities your mind has to offer.
Managers can create the conditions for innovation by encouraging a culture of being creative—not just productive—and razing barriers that stifle individual expression.
Idea for Impact: Managing for creativity is a conscious effort in experimentation.
.jpg?w=240&ssl=1 "'Boeing Flying Blind' by Peter Robison (ISBN 0385546491)")
Bloomberg investigative journalist Peter Robison’s thoroughly researched Flying Blind: The 737 MAX Tragedy and the Fall of Boeing (2022) offers noteworthy lessons about corporate responsibility and leadership problem-solving.
In a nutshell, starting in the late 1990s, Boeing shifted from a company run by engineers who emphasized product integrity to one run by MBA-types who prized shareholder value over long-term product planning. Inspired by General Electric’s Jack Welch, the company embraced cost-cutting, outsourcing, financial engineering, union-busting, and co-opting regulators. These miscalculated strategies culminated in the 737 MAX disasters and disgraceful corporate responses.
Recommendation: Read Peter Robison’s Flying Blind, but be wary of the author’s broad-brush political biases, which, I found, sidetracked from the storyline. The internal organizational tensions that led to corporate deception and the fateful consequences of federal regulators’ consigning design approvals to Boeing are particularly interesting.
Key Takeaway: Negligent engineering to minimize costs and adhere to a delivery schedule is a symptom of ethical blight.
At the heart of every successful product is the ability to address a real need or circumstance of struggle—a “job to be done”—in consumers’ lives. Identification of this “job” happens early in the innovation process, as it forms the core insight around innovation development and execution.
Long before its current mess, Boeing was once the pioneer in aspects of product development. No example illustrates Boeing’s inventive stills than the groundbreaking Boeing 777 program, particularly in its use of iterative, paperless computer-aided design, assembly process-planning, and agile product development. Not only that, the Boeing 777 program offers the most high-profile examples of companies tapping consumers as never before to help them create new products.
Knowing very well that the secret to long-term success starts very early in the innovation process, director of engineering Alan Mulally led a “working together” initiative to organize product development around customer input. (Mulally left Boeing after not being named CEO in 2006 and engineered a dramatic turnaround at Ford Motor Co.)
In the late 1980s, just as the 777 program was being launched, Mulally made a consequential decision to involve its major potential customers in the development of the aircraft specifications. Mulally made up a “gang of eight” comprising All Nippon Airways, American Airlines, British Airways, Cathay Pacific, Delta Air Lines, Japan Airlines, Qantas, and United Airlines. At the group’s first meeting in January 1990, Mulally’s team distributed a 23-page questionnaire asking what each customer wanted in the design. Within two months, Boeing and the airlines decided on a basic design configuration.
The “working together” initiative was a radical departure from the bureaucratic project organization. Internally, Boeing had become bureaucratic and department-focused. Specialists in various departments would design their parts. Then, it was up to the manufacturing team (the system integrators) to figure out how to make it all come together. It was a “throw-it-over-the-wall” environment where the disconnect was a persistent problem.
Having customer input implied that development was centered on customer needs. This would also tear down the walls between departments—designers, suppliers, and assemblers usually separated by organizations or development phases would now be engaged collaboratively and talking and collaborating in real-time.
In an industry where manufacturers classically designed aircraft with only token customer input. Rather than presenting the market with what Boeing perceived as their idea of what was required, customers had direct input. Over the decades, the Boeing 777 became one of the world’s most successful commercial aircraft and continues to be the workhorse of many a customer fleet.
Whether selling products or services, fast food, or experiential travel, the most innovative companies organize their offerings around customers’ needs. From the very beginning, they tap consumers as never before to help them create new products, and they’re embedding customer knowledge into the business. Early and frequent feedback is one way to cope with the pressure for shorter product cycles and to be prudent about not investing time and resources in unpromising ideas. It also augurs well for the experiences-over-possessions shift in consumer values.