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Archives for August 2022

Do Your Employees Feel Safe Enough to Tell You the Truth?

August 15, 2022 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

Take any corporate scandal or the Challenger and Columbia disasters, and you’ll find lower-ranking voices that tried to be heard within these organizations to prevent or minimize the consequences of the excesses or the accidents.

Some leaders are too isolated from reality and establish an “all’s-good” guise whereby anything other than affirmative becomes an undesirable—unwelcome even—answer to a performance-related question. Such leaders foster a “good-news culture,” where any truth-teller or devil’s advocate is quickly dismissed. Queries such as the cursory “Is everything okay?” elicit information-free, non-answers like “yes” and “great!”

When leaders are disconnected from reality, they become incontestably right. Employees know the rule of the game is to say what’s safe to say. To not tell the truth. To tell the leader just what she wants to hear. Employees would instead go with the flow rather than speak truth to power.

Consequently, business pressures often lead to shortcuts that go overlooked. Risk is normalized. Leaders who cannot tap into the truth get blindsided when the problems blow up because they didn’t nip the problems in the bud. Leaders have only themselves to blame when things go wrong.

Idea for Impact: Insightful leadership isn’t about the privilege of position but the privilege of information flowing upwards. Wise leaders dare to seek information they don’t want to hear. They know how to ask the right questions, look for revealing details, and set up a culture of openness that makes it easy for employees to tell the truth.

Wondering what to read next?

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  3. No Boss Likes a Surprise—Good or Bad
  4. A Superb Example of Crisis Leadership in Action
  5. Heartfelt Leadership at United Airlines and a Journey Through Adversity: Summary of Oscar Munoz’s Memoir, ‘Turnaround Time’

Filed Under: Effective Communication, Leading Teams, Managing People, MBA in a Nutshell Tagged With: Critical Thinking, Delegation, Great Manager, Leadership, Managing the Boss, Problem Solving, Relationships, Risk

Inspirational Quotations #958

August 14, 2022 By Nagesh Belludi

Sometimes the most important thing in a whole day is the rest we take between two deep breaths, or the turning inwards in prayer for five short minutes.
—Etty Hillesum (Jewish Diarist)

A vision without action is called a daydream.
—James LeVoy Sorenson (American Businessman)

If you’re successful in what you do over a period of time, you’ll start approaching records, but that’s not what you’re playing for. You’re playing to challenge and be challenged.
—Lou Brock (American Baseball Player)

Try in thine own experience, each; that he speak not for one whole day unkindly of any… and see what such a day would bring to you.
—Edgar Cayce (American Faith Healer)

I think of the telephone as a spiritual thing. Your bodies don’t have to unite you, but your spirits can unite.
—Joan Walsh Anglund (American Poet, Children’s Book Author)

Life is very hard. The only people who really live are those who are harder than life itself.
—Nawal El Saadawi (Egyptian Writer, Activist)

Immortality is not a gift, Immortality is an achievement; And only those who strive mightily Shall possess it.
—Edgar Lee Masters (American Poet, Novelist)

Old books that have ceased to be of service should no more be abandoned than should old friends who have ceased to give pleasure.
—Peregrine Worsthorne (British Journalist, Author)

Balance is the enemy of art.
—Richard Eyre (British Director)

You can’t achieve anything without getting in someone’s way. You can’t be detached and effective.
—Abba Eban (Israeli Statesman)

If you apply reason and logic to this career of mine, you’re not going to get very far. You simply won’t. The journey has been incredible from its beginning. So much of life, it seems to me, is determined by pure randomness.
—Sidney Poitier (American Actor, Film Director)

We simply do not understand our place in the universe and have not the courage to admit it
—Barry Lopez (American Essayist, Fiction Writer)

Courage is as often the outcome of despair as of hope; in the one case we have nothing to lose, in the other everything to gain.
—Diane de Poitiers (French Noble)

The person who has earned love the least needs it the most.
—F. Enzio Busche (Mormon Church Leader)

Filed Under: Inspirational Quotations

The Loss Aversion Mental Model: A Case Study on Why People Think Spirit is a Horrible Airline

August 11, 2022 By Nagesh Belludi 1 Comment

When Spirit Airlines pivoted to competing on price in the late 2000s, it quickly gained a reputation not only for operational inefficiencies but also for its in-your-face, take-it-or-leave attitude towards customer service.

Where other airlines charged by-the-package fares for the flight experience, Spirit pared back service and introduced an a la carte pricing model. Charging for the “ancillaries”—i.e., everything optional, including water—allowed Spirit to keep ticket prices down and appeal to price-sensitive travelers willing to sacrifice the usual amenities for a lower ticket price.

In the ensuing years, the unconventionality of this business model did not go down well with customers. Much of the flying public’s frustration with Spirit had to do with Loss Aversion. That’s the notion that the emotional disappointment of a loss is more extreme than the joy of a comparable gain. If finding a cheaper fare on Spirit felt delightful, giving up some—or all—of the savings to purchase ancillaries and surrender the savings felt utterly miserable.

Passengers felt ripped off by these seemingly hidden fees, especially when the true cost of flying Spirit ended up greater than what the initial ticket price led them to believe.

Spirit became quickly convinced that there was a perception problem—its customers didn’t fully understand how its fares work. Particularly, first-time customers blindly presumed that Spirit Airlines works the same way as other airlines. In reality, there were no hidden or excessive fees, and passengers could only pay for what they need or want. In 2014, the airline introduced its “Spirit 101” campaign to educate customers and alter their perceptions. With time and the increased adaptation of the “Basic Fare” model and curtailed customer service by every other airline, passengers’ expectations have since been right-sized. Spirit Airlines has come a long way, and its customer service has improved vastly.

Further studies on loss aversion have shown that a cascade of successive fees is worse than the cumulative: i.e., three ancillary fees that add up to, say, $70, feel a lot worse than a single $70 fee. Appropriately, Spirit offers a “Bundle it Combo” package.

Wondering what to read next?

  1. Flying Cramped Coach: The Economics of Self-Inflicted Misery
  2. Airline Safety Videos: From Dull Briefings to Dynamic Ad Platforms
  3. The Mere Exposure Effect: Why We Fall for the Most Persistent
  4. Your Product May Be Excellent, But Is There A Market For It?
  5. The Wisdom of the Well-Timed Imperfection: The ‘Pratfall Effect’ and Authenticity

Filed Under: Business Stories, Mental Models Tagged With: Aviation, Biases, Customer Service, Decision-Making, Emotions, Entrepreneurs, Innovation, Marketing, Mental Models, Parables, Persuasion, Psychology, Strategy

How to … Read More Books

August 8, 2022 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

With all of life’s distractions, here’s how to make time to read and get through more books:

  • Don’t make reading a chore. Read because you want to, and like to.
  • Become more selective. Choose topics you know you’ll enjoy—topics that have engrossed you previously.
  • Rather than choosing a book you haven’t read yet, reread one of the more helpful books you’ve read in the past. It usually takes multiple exposures for an idea to sink in.
  • Never be without a book; have one at hand wherever you are. Then, squeeze in some reading whenever you have a few minutes to spare—whether on the bus or while waiting at the dentist’s. (Charlie Munger, a voracious reader, has said, “As long as I have a book in my hand, I don’t feel like I’m wasting time.”)
  • Don’t feel obliged to complete everything you’ve started. The more enjoyable your read, the quicker you’ll get through it. If a book doesn’t hold your interest (“spark joy” to borrow Marie Kondo’s concept,) say, by page 50, stop reading.
  • Be decisive with the no-good books. Turn four pages at a time if you have to. Frequently, authors blather endlessly about studies and anecdotes of marginal relevance to the book’s premise.
  • Take a respectable speed-reading course to learn how to use your eyes to focus and gloss over groups of words (“chunking”) while making sure you dwell on what needs to be retained.
  • Make reading social. Join a book club—it’ll help you get more out of a title. Hearing other people’s interpretations—whether you agree with them—makes you think more about your own reading and synthesis.
  • Have a system to jot down, record, summarize, organize, and recall whatever you’ve read.

Wondering what to read next?

  1. You Have a Pile of Reading Material at Your Desk?
  2. The Problem with Self-Help
  3. Do Self-Help Books Really Help?
  4. How to Boost Your Willpower // Book Summary of Baumeister & Tierney’s ‘Willpower’
  5. Elevate Timing from Art to Science // Book Summary of Daniel Pink’s ‘When: The Scientific Secrets of Perfect Timing’

Filed Under: Sharpening Your Skills Tagged With: Books, Discipline, Reading

Inspirational Quotations #957

August 7, 2022 By Nagesh Belludi

Power always has to be kept in check; power exercised in secret, especially under the cloak of national security, is doubly dangerous.
—William Proxmire (American Politician)

It would be nice if the poor were to get even half of the money that is spent in studying them.
—Burton Hillis (William E. Vaughan) (American Columnist)

After an event, a signal is always crystal clear; we can now see what disaster it was signaling since the disaster has occurred. Before the event, it is obscure and pregnant with conflicting meanings.
—Roberta Wohlstetter (American Historian)

A good conscience is a continual feast.
—Robert Burton (English Scholar, Clergyman)

With much we surfeit; plenty makes us poor.
—Michael Drayton (English Poet)

Forget the times of your distress, but never forget what they taught you.
—Herbert Spencer Gasser (American Physiologist)

Whoever wants to reach a distant goal must take small steps.
—Helmut Schmidt (West German Statesman)

From birth to age 18, a girl needs good parents, from 18 to 35 she needs good looks, from 35 to 55 she needs a good personality, and from 55 on she needs cash.
—Sophie Tucker (American Singer)

Do not demand love. Begin to love. You will be loved. It is the law and no statute can alter it.
—Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari (Indian Statesman, Author)

Remember, if you ever need a helping hand, you’ll find one at the end of your arm … As you grow older you will discover that you have two hands. One for helping yourself, the other for helping others.
—Audrey Hepburn (Belgian-British Actress)

The delicate thing about the university is that it has a mixed character, that it is suspended between its position in the eternal world, with all its corruption and evils and cruelties, and the splendid world of our imagination.
—Richard Hofstadter (American Historian)

When I quit working, I lost all sense of identity in about fifteen minutes.
—Paige Rense (American Journalist)

We are different, in essence, from other men. If you want to win something, run 100 meters. If you want to experience something, run a marathon.
—Emil Zatopek (Czech Athlete)

Filed Under: Inspirational Quotations

Tips for Working for a Type-A Boss

August 4, 2022 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

Type-A bosses tend to accomplish great things, at least short-term. But their high intensity and impatience could make them hard to work for.

If you’re more of a laid-back employee, realize that most of the time, Type-A’s intensity isn’t about you. It’s the way she relates to the world around her. Type-A is what Type-A does.

Here’s how to deal with the overly amped-up style of the Type-A boss:

  • Speak up. Do your homework and anticipate needs/wants. Be proactive and take the initiative on everything. Bring solutions, not problems. If you disagree with something, communicate directly.
  • If nothing you do seems perfect enough for your boss, don’t assume the worst and put your guard up. Be more receptive to evaluation. If you’re constantly being challenged to add “one more thing,” seek specific feedback on how she’d like you to refine your work.
  • Set boundaries on what she can expect from you. Ask for clear performance goals. With Type-As, it’s always about them; you can’t hold yourself accountable for their personality. When it gets tough, try not to take it personally. Ask for what you need, but choose your battles wisely.

Idea for Impact: One of the best ways to handle a Type-A person is to try to be Type-A yourself. You don’t have to morph into an ego-driven jerk, but try to be more organized and keep on top of everything.

Wondering what to read next?

  1. Don’t Be Friends with Your Boss
  2. You Can’t Serve Two Masters
  3. No Boss Likes a Surprise—Good or Bad
  4. Five Ways … You Could Score Points with Your Boss
  5. What to Do When Your Boss Steals Your Best Ideas

Filed Under: Managing People Tagged With: Conflict, Getting Along, Managing the Boss, Personality, Relationships, Winning on the Job

Evolution, Not Revolution

August 1, 2022 By Nagesh Belludi Leave a Comment

Innovation often transpires from synthesizing existing ideas in new ways, as the following case study on the iPod will illuminate.

In some sense, the iPod wasn’t a breakthrough innovation at all. It emerged from Steve Jobs’s “digital hub” approach to integrating iMac software for playing, editing, and managing photos, music, and movies. According to Walter Isaacson’s masterful biography of Steve Jobs (2011,) when Apple designers learned that Toshiba had newly prototyped a tiny 1.8-inch hard drive that could hold five gigabytes of storage (that’s about a thousand songs,) they conjured up a digital music player. Apple found that existing gadgets were “big and clunky or small and useless” with “unbelievably awful” user interfaces.

Sony’s Walkman had previously proven the market potential of portable audio players, having sold 200 million units in the two decades before Apple conceived the iPod. Napster had offered digital audio file distribution for over five years. Finger-driven touchscreens were pioneered in the 1960s, and Citibank rolled out touchscreen ATMs in the 1980s. (Apple didn’t offer touchscreens until 2007 with the iPhone.) Hence, the iPod’s innovation was in bringing all these capabilities together in a way that was easier to use and relevant to the consumer. Dartmouth’s strategy professor Ron Adner writes in The Wide Lens: What Successful Innovators See That Others Miss (2013.)

Apple was three years late [behind Creative, SanDisk, Sony, and Samsung, who had previously launched portable music players]. As we’ll see again in the case of the iPhone, Jobs tended to be late for everything because he wanted everything to be ready for him. Reflecting on catching technology waves in 2008, he said, “Things happen fairly slowly, you know. They do. These waves of technology, you can see them way before they happen, and you just have to choose wisely which ones you’re going to surf. If you choose unwisely, then you can waste a lot of energy, but if you choose wisely, it actually unfolds fairly slowly. It takes years.” Jobs’s discipline paid off.

Idea for Impact: Innovation often builds on existing technological competencies or as a synthesis of smaller innovations.

Wondering what to read next?

  1. Constraints Inspire Creativity: How IKEA Started the “Flatpack Revolution”
  2. Don’t Outsource a Strategic Component of Your Business
  3. HP’s “Next Bench” Innovation Mindset: Observe, Learn, Solve
  4. The Myth of the First-Mover Advantage
  5. Question the Now, Imagine the Next

Filed Under: Business Stories, Mental Models, The Great Innovators Tagged With: Apple, Creativity, Critical Thinking, Entrepreneurs, Innovation, Problem Solving, Steve Jobs

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About: Nagesh Belludi [hire] is a St. Petersburg, Florida-based freethinker, investor, and leadership coach. He specializes in helping executives and companies ensure that the overall quality of their decision-making benefits isn’t compromised by a lack of a big-picture understanding.

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Unless otherwise stated in the individual document, the works above are © Nagesh Belludi under a Creative Commons BY-NC-ND license. You may quote, copy and share them freely, as long as you link back to RightAttitudes.com, don't make money with them, and don't modify the content. Enjoy!